Originally, the Dutch established a colony at the southern tip of Africa, named by the Portuguese as the "Cape of Good Hope". Beginning in 1652, the Dutch brought in slaves from Indonesia and India and colonized the area around Cape Town. After the French Revolution, the British took over the Cape from 1795 to 1803. The British again annexed the region following the failure of the Dutch East India Company in 1806. The administration of British areas led to later conflicts with the states established by the Dutch settlers (the Boer Wars, 1880 and 1899). After much development as a colony, South Africa was established as a Commonwealth realm, under a Governor General, in 1910. It became a separate republic in 1961.
