Actually, the problem still exists for millions. The current problems are the same as what was seen historically. WHO (The World Health Organization) and UNICEF report that though many have gained access, there are still far too many at risk of disease.
"Using proper toilets and hand washing - preferably with soap - prevents the transfer of bacteria, viruses and parasites found in human excreta which otherwise contaminate water resources, soil and food. This contamination is a major cause of diarrhoea, the second biggest killer of children in developing countries, and leads to other major diseases such as cholera, schistosomiasis, and trachoma."
Access to a basic toilet also provides dignity, improved social development and fewer lost attendance days at school.
https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/introduction-to-the-crisis-of-clean-water-sanitati/
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2008/pr08/en/